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Effects of In-stream Sand and Gravel Mining in Scour at Bridges in Puerto Rico
(Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico, 2016)
Scour of bed material from around bridge foundations is the most common cause for the failure of highway bridges in the United States. In Puerto Rico, millions of dollars are being spent by the Puerto Rico Highway Authority ...
Adequate Selection of Design Flood Frequencies for the Evaluation of Scour and Scour Countermeasures of Critical Bridges, and their Impact on the Puerto Rico Highway and Transportation Authority’s Bridge Program
(Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico, 2023)
Federal regulations require all bridges, over waterways, to be designed for scour resistance and all existing bridges to be evaluated for scour vulnerability. Scour evaluations are typically based on the hydraulic design ...